Curiosmos
  • Home
  • Unsolved Mysteries
  • Ancient Civilizations
  • Cosmic Phenomena
  • Alien Theories
  • Curious Lists
No Result
View All Result
Like us on Facebook
Curiosmos
  • Home
  • Unsolved Mysteries
  • Ancient Civilizations
  • Cosmic Phenomena
  • Alien Theories
  • Curious Lists
No Result
View All Result
Curiosmos
No Result
View All Result

5 Things You Should Know About the World’s Oldest Anatomical Atlas

Ivan PetricevicbyIvan Petricevic
September 9, 2020 - Updated on January 21, 2024
in Ancient Civilizations
An image of the Mawangdui medical texts. Image Credit: Public Domain.

An image of the Mawangdui medical texts. Image Credit: Public Domain.

Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Have you ever wondered what the world’s oldest anatomical atlas is? More than 2,200 years ago already, medicine was being developed at a fast pace across the world. We have found archeological examples that suggest that various cultures across the globe, in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, developed a relatively advanced degree in medicine thousands of years ago. One example is the oldest evidence o trepanation, which dates back to around 7,000 years ago, although some evidence suggests it may be even older.

Trepanation

Trepanation is one of the oldest surgical procedures in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull. Richard Restak, in “Fixing the Brain,” Mysteries of the Mind, revealed clear signs of trepanation holes in a burial site in present-day France dating back to around 6,500 BC, where 40 out of 120 skeletons had clear signs of trepanation.

But what about anatomy in general, and when did mankind start keeping a record of the human body and its many mysteries? Although answering that question might prove to be a bit difficult, (1) a series of ancient Chinese texts dating back some 2,200 years, known as the Mawangdui medical texts, and written on silk and buried in tombs, are now believed to contain the oldest surviving anatomical atlas of our time.

World’s Oldest Anatomical Atlas

The “anatomical atlas” was (2) excavated by archeologists inside tombs at an archeological site in Wulibeit, now far from Changsha in China’s Hunan province. The site, marked by two saddle-shaped burial mounds, was excavated between 1972 and 1974. Three tombs from the Western Han period (c. 190-168 BC) were discovered, containing the mummies of Li Cang, the Marquis de Dai, his wife (Mummy Lady Dai), and their son.

Related Posts

Viracocha is an ancient deity that continues to be present in native South American cultures today. Credit: Despierta al Futuro

Who Was Viracocha – One Of The Most Prominent Ancient Deities In South America

January 2, 2021 - Updated on January 21, 2024
The excavation site along the former shores of an extinct seasonal lake near a place called Gebel Ramlah. Image Credit: Joel D. Irish, Czekaj- Zastawny Agnieszka, Jacek Kabacinski / The Conversation.

The “Civilization” That Gave Rise to Ancient Egypt Found by Archaeologists

August 13, 2019 - Updated on January 21, 2024

The ancient tombs were surrounded by layers of charcoal and white clay that maintained a constant degree of humidity, ensuring a surprisingly good preservation of a (3) series of objects (many of which were made out of lacquered wood), including cases, vases, spoons, pallets, cups, and glasses, jugs, trays, fans and pieces of silk.

Among the artifacts, excavations also revealed dresses, a painted funeral band, and numerous manuscript scrolls mostly related to the Taoist current. More importantly, the oldest known documents on Chinese medicine. Although the discovery was initially of great interest, experts remained unsure of how important the ancient texts were. A study has analyzed ancient writings and found that archeologists have found the oldest anatomical atlas in the world. The study was published in the journal The Anatomical Record.

The Anatomy of Acupuncture

The very existence of the texts challenges the widely held belief that there is no foundation for the anatomy of acupuncture. Their existence shows that the first physicians to write about it did so on the physical body, researchers have revealed.

(4) Discovering what is now believed to be the “oldest anatomical atlas in the world” was no easy task. In addition to the sheer amount of luck needed, archaeological excavations were crucial in the discovery. After recovering the artifacts, it was up to academics to read Chinese characters that were difficult to understand. “The skills necessary to interpret them are diverse. It is required first to read the original Chinese, and secondly to carry out anatomical investigations that allow the review of the referred structures,” the researchers involved in the study explained.

What the World’s Oldest Anatomical Atlas Says

Despite the difficulties in making the discovery, researchers could distinguish the word “meridians” from part of the human body. For example, (5), the text mentions the “greater yang meridian of the arm, ear vessel–“it rises from the little finger/back of the hand and goes along the space on the outside of the two bones. It goes up the bone to the lower corner to the Centre of the elbow. It passes along the soft muscle ridge up to the shoulder and passes along the back of the neck to join into the eye and the ear.”

Another part of the ancient Chinese manuscript seems to refer to another meridian in the foot: “It starts at the big toe and runs along the medial surface of the leg and thigh. Connects at the ankle, knee, and thigh. It travels along with the adductors of the thigh and covers the abdomen.”

As revealed by the scientists, quoted by Live Science, this meridian refers to the “pathway followed by the saphenous vein,” the conduit that carries blood from the legs back to the heart.

Have something to add? Visit Curiosmos on Facebook. Join the discussion in our mobile Telegram group.

Share157Tweet98Share27ShareSend
Ivan Petricevic

Ivan Petricevic

I've been writing passionately about ancient civilizations, history, alien life, and various other subjects for more than eight years. You may have seen me appear on Discovery Channel's What On Earth series, History Channel's Ancient Aliens, and Gaia's Ancient Civilizations among others.

Related Posts

Image: The ancient wall once encompassed the entire Island. Notice the size of the blocks.
Ancient Civilizations

The Arwad megalithic wall guarded an ancient island republic with stones too massive to explain

March 1, 2019 - Updated on April 18, 2025
A stunning view of the massive, 1,200-ton block of stone at Baalbek, compared to two people sitting above it.
Ancient Civilizations

These Are Some of the Heaviest Stones Moved by Ancient Builders

September 14, 2020 - Updated on January 21, 2024
What kind of astronomical predictions did Democritus make apart from his atomic theory? Image credit: Ivan Petricevic / Curiosmos
Ancient Civilizations

5 Curious Astronomical Predictions Democritus Got Right

April 10, 2021 - Updated on January 21, 2024
Unveiling the Secrets of 12,000-Year-Old Karahan Tepe: The Remarkable Counterpart to Göbekli Tepe
Ancient Civilizations

Unveiling the Secrets of 12,000-Year-Old Karahan Tepe: The Remarkable Counterpart to Göbekli Tepe

August 31, 2024
Text B of the Babylonian Map of Jupiter.
Ancient Civilizations

How an Ancient Babylonian Map of Jupiter Helped Rewrite History

November 1, 2020 - Updated on January 21, 2024
The Petroglyphs may have been created as early a 10,000 BC. Image Credit: Marathi Mayuresh BBC.
Ancient Civilizations

This prehistoric rock art in India may belong to a lost civilization

March 2, 2019 - Updated on April 18, 2025
  • About
  • Privacy Policy
  • Fair Use Notice
  • DMCA / Removal
  • Impressum
  • Contact
  • Fact-Checking Policy
  • Ethics Policy
  • Ownership and Funding Information
  • Impressum
CURIOSMOS.COM

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Unsolved Mysteries
  • Ancient Civilizations
  • Cosmic Phenomena
  • Alien Theories
  • Curious Lists